This retrospective matched cohort study examines the clinical burden of cow's milk allergy (CMA) in infants and children. The study analyzed data from The Health Improvement Network database, including 6998 children, with 3499 having CMA and 3499 matched controls. Children with CMA experienced significantly more gastrointestinal, skin, and respiratory symptoms that recurred more frequently compared to those without CMA. CMA was associated with a greater probability of symptoms requiring hypoallergenic formula prescription persisting over time. Additionally, children with CMA had a higher incidence of infections, which also recurred more often.

The study highlights that CMA presents a substantial clinical burden, emphasizing the need for further research to understand its health economic impact and management approaches for better clinical outcomes.